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Linux Server Managment
I am using PHP 5.6.xx and Nginx server on an Apline Linux server. I want to hide ‘X-Powered-By: PHP/5.6.32’ or ‘x-powered-by: PHP/7.3.6’ HTTP header. How can I hide PHP version when using Nginx along with PHP-fpm5 or PHP-fpm7?By default, client/user/browser see information about your PHP and web server version. If you forgot to update your…
A new version of the Raspberry PI 4 model has been released, and it is incredible update over the older model. A few years ago, I got Raspberry Pi 3 . It was my first 64-bit ARM board. It came with a 64-bit CPU. Here are the complete specs for an updated 64-bit credit card…
I need to copy and clone existing data from a USB stick. How do I clone a bootable USB key/pen drive on Linux? How do I clone a USB stick including partitions on Linux operating system?You can easily clone USB flash drives on Linux. It is useful for backups and other purposes such as cloning…
I have a backup sync program on local server. I have an ssh password less login set up, and I can run commands on an external server in bash script doing:ssh root@server2 “sync; sync; /sbin/shutdown -h now”How do I run multiple commands in bash on a remote Unix or Linux server? What is the best…
I am a new Linux system admin. How do I obtain the number of CPUs and cores in the Linux system from the command line? How do I determine the number of CPUs on Linux?A CPU is an acronym for the central processing unit. It is an essential part of a computer. The CPU sends…
I need to check if a directory exists or not, within a shell script running on Linux or Unix-like system? How do I check if a directory exists in a shell script?A directory is nothing but a location for storing files on the Linux system in a hierarchical format. For example, $HOME/Downloads/ would store all…
How do I read my hard disk/SSD health using smartctl command on FreeBSD operating system? How can I hard drive health on FreeBSD and find out if my disk is dying?The Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology System (SMART) built into most modern hard disks. The purpose of SMART is to monitor the reliability of the…
I am a new CentOS Linux server sysadmin. How do I find out what processes are running in the background on Linux operating systems?In Linux, a background process is nothing but process running independently of the shell. One can leave the terminal window and, but process executes in the background without any interaction from users….
How do I read a text file line by line under a Linux or UNIX-like system using KSH or BASH shell? How do I read a file line by line in bash script?You can use while..do..done bash loop to read file line by line on a Linux, OSX, *BSD, or Unix-like system. Syntax: Read file…
I am new to Linux programming and bash shell commands. I have a folder structure as dir1, dir2, dir3 and I would like to rename it as dir001, dir002, dir003. How do you rename multiple folders in Linux?The mv command (mv source target) renames the file/folder named by the source operand to the destination path…
Do you want to create a Twitter account? Twitter is an amazing social network with millions of people using it every day. This article will show you step-by-step how to create a Twitter account. Step 1: Go to Twitter.com First things first, go to twitter.com. Then click on “Sign Up”. Twitter’s main page Step 2:…
I do not wish to use Google Authenticator or Authy app that generates 2 step verification (2FA) codes on my iOS/Android phone. Is there any way I can produce 2FA codes from Linux command line for popular sites such as Gmail, Twitter, Facebook, Amazon and more?The mobile apps generate secure 2 step verification codes to…
How do I upgrade to Fedora 30 from Fedora 29 Using the dnf command? How can I update F29 to F30? Can you tell me the procedure to upgrade Fedora 29 to Fedora 30?Fedora Linux 30 released. This page shows how to use dnf system upgrade to upgrade your system to a newer release of…
In this short quick article, we will show you how to change a user password in Ubuntu Linux using the graphical interface as well as the command line interface. As you are well aware, most operations on Ubuntu are applicable to its derivatives such as Linux Mint, Xubuntu, Lubuntu, and many others. Read more at: TecMint Read moreKali Linux 2021.2 Release (Kaboxer,…
Whenever a Linux system CPU is occupied by a process, it is unavailable for processing other requests. Rest of pending requests must wait until the CPU is free. This becomes a bottleneck in the system. Following command will help you to identify CPU utilization, so that you can troubleshoot CPU-related performance problems on a Linux-based…
I am a new sysadmin for the Ubuntu operating system. How do I check running process in Ubuntu using the command line option?One can use the Ubuntu command line or terminal app to display a running process, change their priorities level, delete process and more. This page shows how to use various commands to list,…
I am a new Linux system administrator. I have a hardware-based firewall, so I don’t need a firewall on each server. How do I disable the firewall on Linux?You can easily disable the Firewall for Linux. Most modern Linux distrubtion use the following tools: ufw – Used by Ubuntu and Debian based system to manage…
I am a new Linux system user. I am using Ubuntu Linux. I do not want to open up the computer hardware to just see the make and model of the graphics card in a system. How do I find out which graphics card installed in my Linux desktop system?You do not have to open…
I am a new Linux system user. I need to find out which process is listening on a port on Linux using the command line. How do you find out which process is listening on a port on Linux operating systems?A network port in Linux is nothing but a number that identifies one side of…
Detecting whether your PHP code is running on https or http is useful in a number of situations, particularly if you’re building a URL to set a form action or something similar, but it’s actually not as straightforward as it should be. If you search on Google or Stack Overflow for advice on how to…