I run a multi-user system. Most users access resources using SSH client. How can I stop leaking process information to all users on Linux operating systems? How do I prevent users from seeing processes that do not belong to them on a Debian/Ubuntu/RHEL/CentOS Linux server? Is there any way to hide other users process when running ps command?
If you are using Linux kernel version 3.2+ (or RHEL/CentOS v6.5+ above) you can hide process from other users. Only root can see all process and user only see their own process. All you have to do is remount the /proc filesystem with the Linux kernel hardening hidepid option. This hides process from all other commands such as ps, top, htop, pgrep and more.
Linux hide processes from other users using hidepid option
This option defines how much info about processes we want to be available for non-owners. The values are as follows:
- hidepid=0 – The old behavior – anybody may read all world-readable /proc/PID/* files (default).
- hidepid=1 – It means users may not access any /proc// directories, but their own. Sensitive files like cmdline, sched*, status are now protected against other users.
- hidepid=2 It means hidepid=1 plus all /proc/PID/ will be invisible to other users. It compicates intruder’s task of gathering info about running processes, whether some daemon runs with elevated privileges, whether another user runs some sensitive program, whether other users run any program at all, etc.
Run:top
htop
ps aux
Linux kernel protection: Hiding processes from other users
Type the following mount command:# mount -o remount,rw,hidepid=2 /proc
Edit /etc/fstab, enter:# vi /etc/fstab
Update/append/modify proc entry as follows so that protection get enabled automatically at server boot-time:
## append the following line ## proc /proc proc defaults,hidepid=2 0 0 |
Save and close the file.
Linux demo: Prevent users from seeing processes that do not belong to them
In this example, I’m login as vivek@cbz-test:$ ssh vivek@cbz-test
$ ps -ef
$ sudo -s
# mount -o remount,rw,hidepid=2 /proc
$ ps -ef
$ top
$ htop
Sample outputs:
Tip: Dealing with apps that breaks when you implement this technique
You need to use gid=VALUE_HERE option:
gid=XXX defines a group that will be able to gather all processes’ info (as in hidepid=0 mode). This group should be used instead of putting nonroot user in sudoers file or something. However, untrusted users (like daemons, etc.) which are not supposed to monitor the tasks in the whole system should not be added to the group.
So add the user called monapp to group (say admin) that want to see process information and mount /proc as follows in /etc/fstab:
proc /proc proc defaults,hidepid=2,gid=admin 0 0
Conclusion
For more information see the following URLs:
