Dog ownership in Australia is often associated with outdoor activities such as beach walks, camping, and barbecues. However, it’s important to remember that dogs are predators and their predatory instincts can kick in at any time. While domestic dogs may not have the same hunting skills as their ancestors, wildlife is unaware of this. The impact of domestic dogs on wildlife is not well-studied, but there is evidence that unobserved dogs can have detrimental effects on the places they visit. Here are some things to consider when taking your dog for a bushwalk.
There are five main ways domestic dogs can negatively impact the natural environments they visit: direct physical harm through predatory behavior, disturbance through chasing and harassment, increased exposure to diseases, interbreeding that can alter the gene pool of wild canid populations, and increased competition for resources. However, in Australia, the last three points are not particularly relevant. Diseases common in domestic dogs do not overlap with Australian wildlife, and there is little resource overlap except in areas where feral or semi-feral dogs live alongside dingoes. Recent research also suggests that interbreeding is not as common as previously thought.
The main concerns for Australian dog owners should focus on physical harm through predatory behavior and disturbance to ecosystems. Dogs are capable of injuring and killing wildlife, although it is difficult to determine how common this is due to underreporting. Smaller animals like lizards, gliders, and possums are at higher risk, but larger species like koalas can also fall prey to dogs. Dog attacks on wildlife can also pose risks to dogs themselves as many wildlife species have defense mechanisms.
Chasing wildlife may seem harmless if the dog never catches the animals, but it can disrupt their behaviors related to foraging, breeding, and resting. This can have a significant impact if it happens repeatedly throughout the day and may drive animals out of the area. Research has shown that the mere presence of a leashed dog can reduce the number of bird species detected in an area.
Responsible dog ownership involves minimizing the impact of dogs on wildlife. Training dogs to have general obedience, especially to come when called, is essential. Leashes should be used in sensitive areas or where there is a risk of wildlife harassment. Signs at beaches often provide information about vulnerable birds and how to protect them from dogs. Hiking with a long leash can give dogs more freedom while still keeping wildlife safe. If a dog injures an animal, it is important to contact a wildlife rescue organization or seek veterinary attention.
It is our responsibility as visitors to nature to ensure that our dogs are respectful and do not harm wildlife.
